CRLF (Win)
LF (UNIX/Mac)
CR (Old Mac)
+01:00 Africa/Algiers
+01:00 Africa/Bangui
+01:00 Africa/Brazzaville
+01:00 Africa/Ceuta
+01:00 Africa/Douala
+01:00 Africa/Kinshasa
+01:00 Africa/Lagos
+01:00 Africa/Libreville
+01:00 Africa/Luanda
+01:00 Africa/Malabo
+01:00 Africa/Ndjamena
+01:00 Africa/Niamey
+01:00 Africa/Porto-Novo
+01:00 Africa/Tunis
+01:00 Africa/Windhoek
+01:00 Arctic/Longyearbyen
+01:00 Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
+01:00 CET
+01:00 Europe/Amsterdam
+01:00 Europe/Andorra
+01:00 Europe/Belgrade
+01:00 Europe/Berlin
+01:00 Europe/Bratislava
+01:00 Europe/Brussels
+01:00 Europe/Budapest
+01:00 Europe/Busingen
+01:00 Europe/Copenhagen
+01:00 Europe/Gibraltar
+01:00 Europe/Ljubljana
+01:00 Europe/Luxembourg
+01:00 Europe/Madrid
+01:00 Europe/Malta
+01:00 Europe/Monaco
+01:00 Europe/Oslo
+01:00 Europe/Paris
+01:00 Europe/Podgorica
+01:00 Europe/Prague
+01:00 Europe/Rome
+01:00 Europe/San_Marino
+01:00 Europe/Sarajevo
+01:00 Europe/Skopje
+01:00 Europe/Stockholm
+01:00 Europe/Tirane
+01:00 Europe/Vaduz
+01:00 Europe/Vatican
+01:00 Europe/Vienna
+01:00 Europe/Warsaw
+01:00 Europe/Zagreb
+01:00 Europe/Zurich
+01:00 MET
+01:00 Poland
+02:00 Africa/Blantyre
+02:00 Africa/Bujumbura
+02:00 Africa/Cairo
+02:00 Africa/Gaborone
+02:00 Africa/Harare
+02:00 Africa/Johannesburg
+02:00 Africa/Juba
+02:00 Africa/Khartoum
+02:00 Africa/Kigali
+02:00 Africa/Lubumbashi
+02:00 Africa/Lusaka
+02:00 Africa/Maputo
+02:00 Africa/Maseru
+02:00 Africa/Mbabane
+02:00 Africa/Tripoli
+02:00 Asia/Amman
+02:00 Asia/Beirut
+02:00 Asia/Damascus
+02:00 Asia/Famagusta
+02:00 Asia/Gaza
+02:00 Asia/Hebron
+02:00 Asia/Jerusalem
+02:00 Asia/Nicosia
+02:00 Asia/Tel_Aviv
+02:00 EET
+02:00 Egypt
+02:00 Europe/Athens
+02:00 Europe/Bucharest
+02:00 Europe/Chisinau
+02:00 Europe/Helsinki
+02:00 Europe/Kaliningrad
+02:00 Europe/Kiev
+02:00 Europe/Mariehamn
+02:00 Europe/Nicosia
+02:00 Europe/Riga
+02:00 Europe/Sofia
+02:00 Europe/Tallinn
+02:00 Europe/Tiraspol
+02:00 Europe/Uzhgorod
+02:00 Europe/Vilnius
+02:00 Europe/Zaporozhye
+02:00 Israel
+02:00 Libya
+03:00 Africa/Addis_Ababa
+03:00 Africa/Asmara
+03:00 Africa/Asmera
+03:00 Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
+03:00 Africa/Djibouti
+03:00 Africa/Kampala
+03:00 Africa/Mogadishu
+03:00 Africa/Nairobi
+03:00 Antarctica/Syowa
+03:00 Asia/Aden
+03:00 Asia/Baghdad
+03:00 Asia/Bahrain
+03:00 Asia/Istanbul
+03:00 Asia/Kuwait
+03:00 Asia/Qatar
+03:00 Asia/Riyadh
+03:00 Europe/Istanbul
+03:00 Europe/Kirov
+03:00 Europe/Minsk
+03:00 Europe/Moscow
+03:00 Europe/Simferopol
+03:00 Europe/Volgograd
+03:00 Indian/Antananarivo
+03:00 Indian/Comoro
+03:00 Indian/Mayotte
+03:00 Turkey
+03:00 W-SU
+03:30 Asia/Tehran
+03:30 Iran
+04:00 Asia/Baku
+04:00 Asia/Dubai
+04:00 Asia/Muscat
+04:00 Asia/Tbilisi
+04:00 Asia/Yerevan
+04:00 Europe/Astrakhan
+04:00 Europe/Samara
+04:00 Europe/Saratov
+04:00 Europe/Ulyanovsk
+04:00 Indian/Mahe
+04:00 Indian/Mauritius
+04:00 Indian/Reunion
+04:30 Asia/Kabul
+05:00 Antarctica/Mawson
+05:00 Asia/Aqtau
+05:00 Asia/Aqtobe
+05:00 Asia/Ashgabat
+05:00 Asia/Ashkhabad
+05:00 Asia/Atyrau
+05:00 Asia/Dushanbe
+05:00 Asia/Karachi
+05:00 Asia/Oral
+05:00 Asia/Qyzylorda
+05:00 Asia/Samarkand
+05:00 Asia/Tashkent
+05:00 Asia/Yekaterinburg
+05:00 Indian/Kerguelen
+05:00 Indian/Maldives
+05:30 Asia/Calcutta
+05:30 Asia/Colombo
+05:30 Asia/Kolkata
+05:45 Asia/Kathmandu
+05:45 Asia/Katmandu
+06:00 Antarctica/Vostok
+06:00 Asia/Almaty
+06:00 Asia/Bishkek
+06:00 Asia/Dacca
+06:00 Asia/Dhaka
+06:00 Asia/Kashgar
+06:00 Asia/Omsk
+06:00 Asia/Qostanay
+06:00 Asia/Thimbu
+06:00 Asia/Thimphu
+06:00 Asia/Urumqi
+06:00 Indian/Chagos
+06:30 Asia/Rangoon
+06:30 Asia/Yangon
+06:30 Indian/Cocos
+07:00 Antarctica/Davis
+07:00 Asia/Bangkok
+07:00 Asia/Barnaul
+07:00 Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh
+07:00 Asia/Hovd
+07:00 Asia/Jakarta
+07:00 Asia/Krasnoyarsk
+07:00 Asia/Novokuznetsk
+07:00 Asia/Novosibirsk
+07:00 Asia/Phnom_Penh
+07:00 Asia/Pontianak
+07:00 Asia/Saigon
+07:00 Asia/Tomsk
+07:00 Asia/Vientiane
+07:00 Indian/Christmas
+08:00 Asia/Brunei
+08:00 Asia/Choibalsan
+08:00 Asia/Chongqing
+08:00 Asia/Chungking
+08:00 Asia/Harbin
+08:00 Asia/Hong_Kong
+08:00 Asia/Irkutsk
+08:00 Asia/Kuala_Lumpur
+08:00 Asia/Kuching
+08:00 Asia/Macao
+08:00 Asia/Macau
+08:00 Asia/Makassar
+08:00 Asia/Manila
+08:00 Asia/Shanghai
+08:00 Asia/Singapore
+08:00 Asia/Taipei
+08:00 Asia/Ujung_Pandang
+08:00 Asia/Ulaanbaatar
+08:00 Asia/Ulan_Bator
+08:00 Australia/Perth
+08:00 Australia/West
+08:00 Hongkong
+08:00 PRC
+08:00 Singapore
+08:45 Australia/Eucla
+09:00 Asia/Chita
+09:00 Asia/Dili
+09:00 Asia/Jayapura
+09:00 Asia/Khandyga
+09:00 Asia/Pyongyang
+09:00 Asia/Seoul
+09:00 Asia/Tokyo
+09:00 Asia/Yakutsk
+09:00 Japan
+09:00 Pacific/Palau
+09:00 ROK
+09:30 Australia/Adelaide
+09:30 Australia/Broken_Hill
+09:30 Australia/Darwin
+09:30 Australia/North
+09:30 Australia/South
+09:30 Australia/Yancowinna
+10:00 Antarctica/DumontDUrville
+10:00 Antarctica/Macquarie
+10:00 Asia/Ust-Nera
+10:00 Asia/Vladivostok
+10:00 Australia/ACT
+10:00 Australia/Brisbane
+10:00 Australia/Canberra
+10:00 Australia/Currie
+10:00 Australia/Hobart
+10:00 Australia/Lindeman
+10:00 Australia/Melbourne
+10:00 Australia/NSW
+10:00 Australia/Queensland
+10:00 Australia/Sydney
+10:00 Australia/Tasmania
+10:00 Australia/Victoria
+10:00 Pacific/Chuuk
+10:00 Pacific/Guam
+10:00 Pacific/Port_Moresby
+10:00 Pacific/Saipan
+10:00 Pacific/Truk
+10:00 Pacific/Yap
+10:30 Australia/LHI
+10:30 Australia/Lord_Howe
+11:00 Antarctica/Casey
+11:00 Asia/Magadan
+11:00 Asia/Sakhalin
+11:00 Asia/Srednekolymsk
+11:00 Pacific/Bougainville
+11:00 Pacific/Efate
+11:00 Pacific/Guadalcanal
+11:00 Pacific/Kosrae
+11:00 Pacific/Norfolk
+11:00 Pacific/Noumea
+11:00 Pacific/Pohnpei
+11:00 Pacific/Ponape
+12:00 Antarctica/McMurdo
+12:00 Antarctica/South_Pole
+12:00 Asia/Anadyr
+12:00 Asia/Kamchatka
+12:00 Kwajalein
+12:00 NZ
+12:00 Pacific/Auckland
+12:00 Pacific/Fiji
+12:00 Pacific/Funafuti
+12:00 Pacific/Kwajalein
+12:00 Pacific/Majuro
+12:00 Pacific/Nauru
+12:00 Pacific/Tarawa
+12:00 Pacific/Wake
+12:00 Pacific/Wallis
+12:45 NZ-CHAT
+12:45 Pacific/Chatham
+13:00 Pacific/Apia
+13:00 Pacific/Enderbury
+13:00 Pacific/Fakaofo
+13:00 Pacific/Kanton
+13:00 Pacific/Tongatapu
+14:00 Pacific/Kiritimati
-01:00 America/Scoresbysund
-01:00 Atlantic/Azores
-01:00 Atlantic/Cape_Verde
-02:00 America/Noronha
-02:00 Atlantic/South_Georgia
-02:00 Brazil/DeNoronha
-03:00 America/Araguaina
-03:00 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires
-03:00 America/Argentina/Catamarca
-03:00 America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia
-03:00 America/Argentina/Cordoba
-03:00 America/Argentina/Jujuy
-03:00 America/Argentina/La_Rioja
-03:00 America/Argentina/Mendoza
-03:00 America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos
-03:00 America/Argentina/Salta
-03:00 America/Argentina/San_Juan
-03:00 America/Argentina/San_Luis
-03:00 America/Argentina/Tucuman
-03:00 America/Argentina/Ushuaia
-03:00 America/Bahia
-03:00 America/Belem
-03:00 America/Buenos_Aires
-03:00 America/Catamarca
-03:00 America/Cayenne
-03:00 America/Cordoba
-03:00 America/Fortaleza
-03:00 America/Godthab
-03:00 America/Jujuy
-03:00 America/Maceio
-03:00 America/Mendoza
-03:00 America/Miquelon
-03:00 America/Montevideo
-03:00 America/Nuuk
-03:00 America/Paramaribo
-03:00 America/Punta_Arenas
-03:00 America/Recife
-03:00 America/Rosario
-03:00 America/Santarem
-03:00 America/Sao_Paulo
-03:00 Antarctica/Palmer
-03:00 Antarctica/Rothera
-03:00 Atlantic/Stanley
-03:00 Brazil/East
-03:30 America/St_Johns
-03:30 Canada/Newfoundland
-04:00 America/Anguilla
-04:00 America/Antigua
-04:00 America/Aruba
-04:00 America/Asuncion
-04:00 America/Barbados
-04:00 America/Blanc-Sablon
-04:00 America/Boa_Vista
-04:00 America/Campo_Grande
-04:00 America/Caracas
-04:00 America/Cuiaba
-04:00 America/Curacao
-04:00 America/Dominica
-04:00 America/Glace_Bay
-04:00 America/Goose_Bay
-04:00 America/Grenada
-04:00 America/Guadeloupe
-04:00 America/Guyana
-04:00 America/Halifax
-04:00 America/Kralendijk
-04:00 America/La_Paz
-04:00 America/Lower_Princes
-04:00 America/Manaus
-04:00 America/Marigot
-04:00 America/Martinique
-04:00 America/Moncton
-04:00 America/Montserrat
-04:00 America/Port_of_Spain
-04:00 America/Porto_Velho
-04:00 America/Puerto_Rico
-04:00 America/Santiago
-04:00 America/Santo_Domingo
-04:00 America/St_Barthelemy
-04:00 America/St_Kitts
-04:00 America/St_Lucia
-04:00 America/St_Thomas
-04:00 America/St_Vincent
-04:00 America/Thule
-04:00 America/Tortola
-04:00 America/Virgin
-04:00 Atlantic/Bermuda
-04:00 Brazil/West
-04:00 Canada/Atlantic
-04:00 Chile/Continental
-04:00 SystemV/AST4
-04:00 SystemV/AST4ADT
-05:00 America/Atikokan
-05:00 America/Bogota
-05:00 America/Cancun
-05:00 America/Cayman
-05:00 America/Coral_Harbour
-05:00 America/Detroit
-05:00 America/Eirunepe
-05:00 America/Fort_Wayne
-05:00 America/Grand_Turk
-05:00 America/Guayaquil
-05:00 America/Havana
-05:00 America/Indiana/Indianapolis
-05:00 America/Indiana/Marengo
-05:00 America/Indiana/Petersburg
-05:00 America/Indiana/Vevay
-05:00 America/Indiana/Vincennes
-05:00 America/Indiana/Winamac
-05:00 America/Indianapolis
-05:00 America/Iqaluit
-05:00 America/Jamaica
-05:00 America/Kentucky/Louisville
-05:00 America/Kentucky/Monticello
-05:00 America/Lima
-05:00 America/Louisville
-05:00 America/Montreal
-05:00 America/Nassau
-05:00 America/New_York
-05:00 America/Nipigon
-05:00 America/Panama
-05:00 America/Pangnirtung
-05:00 America/Port-au-Prince
-05:00 America/Porto_Acre
-05:00 America/Rio_Branco
-05:00 America/Thunder_Bay
-05:00 America/Toronto
-05:00 Brazil/Acre
-05:00 Canada/Eastern
-05:00 Cuba
-05:00 EST5EDT
-05:00 Jamaica
-05:00 SystemV/EST5
-05:00 SystemV/EST5EDT
-05:00 US/East-Indiana
-05:00 US/Eastern
-05:00 US/Michigan
-06:00 America/Bahia_Banderas
-06:00 America/Belize
-06:00 America/Chicago
-06:00 America/Costa_Rica
-06:00 America/El_Salvador
-06:00 America/Guatemala
-06:00 America/Indiana/Knox
-06:00 America/Indiana/Tell_City
-06:00 America/Knox_IN
-06:00 America/Managua
-06:00 America/Matamoros
-06:00 America/Menominee
-06:00 America/Merida
-06:00 America/Mexico_City
-06:00 America/Monterrey
-06:00 America/North_Dakota/Beulah
-06:00 America/North_Dakota/Center
-06:00 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem
-06:00 America/Rainy_River
-06:00 America/Rankin_Inlet
-06:00 America/Regina
-06:00 America/Resolute
-06:00 America/Swift_Current
-06:00 America/Tegucigalpa
-06:00 America/Winnipeg
-06:00 CST6CDT
-06:00 Canada/Central
-06:00 Canada/Saskatchewan
-06:00 Chile/EasterIsland
-06:00 Mexico/General
-06:00 Pacific/Easter
-06:00 Pacific/Galapagos
-06:00 SystemV/CST6
-06:00 SystemV/CST6CDT
-06:00 US/Central
-06:00 US/Indiana-Starke
-07:00 America/Boise
-07:00 America/Cambridge_Bay
-07:00 America/Chihuahua
-07:00 America/Creston
-07:00 America/Dawson
-07:00 America/Dawson_Creek
-07:00 America/Denver
-07:00 America/Edmonton
-07:00 America/Fort_Nelson
-07:00 America/Hermosillo
-07:00 America/Inuvik
-07:00 America/Mazatlan
-07:00 America/Ojinaga
-07:00 America/Phoenix
-07:00 America/Shiprock
-07:00 America/Whitehorse
-07:00 America/Yellowknife
-07:00 Canada/Mountain
-07:00 Canada/Yukon
-07:00 MST7MDT
-07:00 Mexico/BajaSur
-07:00 Navajo
-07:00 SystemV/MST7
-07:00 SystemV/MST7MDT
-07:00 US/Arizona
-07:00 US/Mountain
-08:00 America/Ensenada
-08:00 America/Los_Angeles
-08:00 America/Santa_Isabel
-08:00 America/Tijuana
-08:00 America/Vancouver
-08:00 Canada/Pacific
-08:00 Mexico/BajaNorte
-08:00 PST8PDT
-08:00 Pacific/Pitcairn
-08:00 SystemV/PST8
-08:00 SystemV/PST8PDT
-08:00 US/Pacific
-09:00 America/Anchorage
-09:00 America/Juneau
-09:00 America/Metlakatla
-09:00 America/Nome
-09:00 America/Sitka
-09:00 America/Yakutat
-09:00 Pacific/Gambier
-09:00 SystemV/YST9
-09:00 SystemV/YST9YDT
-09:00 US/Alaska
-09:30 Pacific/Marquesas
-10:00 America/Adak
-10:00 America/Atka
-10:00 Pacific/Honolulu
-10:00 Pacific/Johnston
-10:00 Pacific/Rarotonga
-10:00 Pacific/Tahiti
-10:00 SystemV/HST10
-10:00 US/Aleutian
-10:00 US/Hawaii
-11:00 Pacific/Midway
-11:00 Pacific/Niue
-11:00 Pacific/Pago_Pago
-11:00 Pacific/Samoa
-11:00 US/Samoa
±00:00 Africa/Abidjan
±00:00 Africa/Accra
±00:00 Africa/Bamako
±00:00 Africa/Banjul
±00:00 Africa/Bissau
±00:00 Africa/Casablanca
±00:00 Africa/Conakry
±00:00 Africa/Dakar
±00:00 Africa/El_Aaiun
±00:00 Africa/Freetown
±00:00 Africa/Lome
±00:00 Africa/Monrovia
±00:00 Africa/Nouakchott
±00:00 Africa/Ouagadougou
±00:00 Africa/Sao_Tome
±00:00 Africa/Timbuktu
±00:00 America/Danmarkshavn
±00:00 Antarctica/Troll
±00:00 Atlantic/Canary
±00:00 Atlantic/Faeroe
±00:00 Atlantic/Faroe
±00:00 Atlantic/Madeira
±00:00 Atlantic/Reykjavik
±00:00 Atlantic/St_Helena
±00:00 Eire
±00:00 Europe/Belfast
±00:00 Europe/Dublin
±00:00 Europe/Guernsey
±00:00 Europe/Isle_of_Man
±00:00 Europe/Jersey
±00:00 Europe/Lisbon
±00:00 Europe/London
±00:00 GB
±00:00 GB-Eire
±00:00 GMT
±00:00 GMT0
±00:00 Greenwich
±00:00 Iceland
±00:00 Portugal
±00:00 UCT
±00:00 UTC
±00:00 Universal
±00:00 WET
±00:00 Zulu
Decoded
Encoded
About Ascii85
Ascii85 is an encoding scheme that uses 7-bit printable ASCII characters, also known as Base85.
Ascii85 divides the data into 4 bytes each and converts them into 5 ASCII characters to represent them.
There are many variants of Ascii85, and DenCode supports the following three types of Ascii85. The original being btoa, followed by Adobe and Z85.
Summary
Z85 Used by ZeroMQ." \" (backslash) and "'" (apostrophe) characters that require escaping are not used.
Adobe It is used to encode images and other data in Adobe's PostScript and PDF (Portable Document Format) files. It is enclosed in "<~" and "~>".
btoa A form of the UNIX btoa command. It was used in the past for exchanging binary data, but is no longer common. Enclosed in "xbtoa Begin" and "xbtoa End" lines.
The ASCII characters used in Ascii85 are as follows: treat the 4-byte value as a big-endian unsigned integer, calculate each digit (5 digits) of the 85 decimal system from it, and then find the Ascii85 conversion result based on the following ASCII characters
ASCII characters
Z85 0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ.-:+=^!/*?&<>()[]{}@%$#
Adobe !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstu
btoa !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstu (The original was from " " (space) to "t", but because some mailers excluded trailing spaces, it was later replaced by the "!" to "u" characters without spaces.)
For example, if we convert "Hello" with Ascii85, it will look like this.
1. Separate every 4 bytes; if less than 4 bytes, end with "00" for padding.
48656C6C(16) 6F000000(16) (Hell o)
2. Every 4 bytes are treated as a big-endian unsigned integer, and the value is converted to each digit of the 85 decimal system.
48656C6C(16)
= 1214606444(10)
= 23 * 854 + 22 * 853 + 66 * 852 + 52 * 85 + 49
6F000000(16)
= 1214606444(10)
= 35 * 854 + 57 * 853 + 33 * 852 + 65 * 85 + 26
3. Convert each digit of the 85 decimal system to an ASCII character. If the end is padded with "00", the padding is excluded in the case of Adobe/Z85.
23 22 66 52 49 35 57 33 65 26
Z85 n m = Q N z V
Adobe 8 7 c U R D Z
btoa 8 7 c U R D Z B b ;
4. The characters are all joined together to form the Ascii85 conversion result. adobe is enclosed in "<~" & "~>", with a new line every 80 characters. btoa is enclosed in "xbtoa Begin" & "xbtoa End" (including data length, checksum, etc.), with a new line every 78 characters.
Conversion result
Z85 nm=QNzV
Adobe <~87cURDZ~>
btoa xbtoa Begin
87cURDZBb;
xbtoa End N 5 5 E 42 S 1f9 R a9f
Several other contractions have been defined.
Contractions
Z85 None
Adobe 00000000(16) -> z
btoa 00000000(16) -> z 20202020(16) -> y (btoa v4.2 or later)